Calculation of financial indicators
| Comparable net sales | = | Net sales excl. the impact of exchange rates, acquisitions and divestments | ||
| EBIT | = | Operating profit | ||
| Comparable EBIT | = | Operating profit (EBIT) +/- items affecting comparability | ||
| EBITDA | = | Operating profit (EBIT) + depreciations + amortizations | ||
| Comparable EBITDA | = | Operating profit (EBIT) + depreciations + amortizations +/- items affecting comparability | ||
| Comparable gross profit | = | Net sales – Cost of goods sold +/- items affecting comparability | ||
| Comparable net profit | = | Profit for the period +/- items affecting comparability +/- tax impact arising from items affecting comparability | ||
Return on investment, % | = | Profit for the period + income taxes + interest and other financial expenses / Equity, total + interest-bearing liabilities (average of beginning and end of year amounts) | x | 100 |
| Return on equity, % | = | Profit for the period / Equity, total (average of beginning and end of year amounts) | x | 100 |
| Equity ratio, % | = | Equity, total / Balance sheet total | x | 100 |
| Net debt | = | Loans from credit institutions + issued bonds + lease liabilities – cash and cash equivalents | ||
| Net gearing, % | = | Interest-bearing debt – cash and cash equivalents / Equity, total | x | 100 |
| Earnings per share | = | Profit for the period attributable to equity holders of the company / Weighted average number of shares outstanding, end of period | ||
| Earnings per share excl. IAC | = | Profit for the period attributable to equity holders of the parent company +/- items affecting comparability / Weighted average number of shares outstanding, end of period | ||
| Equity per share | = | Equity attributable to equity holders of the company / Number of shares outstanding, end of period | ||
| Market capitalization | = | Number of outstanding shares, end of period x market quotation, end of period | ||
| Price per earnings (P/E) | = | Market quotation per share, end of period / Earnings per share | ||
| Dividend per earnings, % | = | Dividend paid / Profit attributable to equity holders of the company | x | 100 |
| Dividend per share | = | Dividend paid / Number of outstanding shares, end of period | ||
| Dividend yield, % | = | Dividend per share / Market quotation, adjusted for emissions, end of period | x | 100 |
| Cash earnings per share (CEPS), EUR | = | ( EBITDA +/- Non-cash adjustments +/- Change in net working capital – taxes paid – Interest paid) / Average number of shares outstanding | ||
| Free Cash Flow | = | EBITDA +/- non-cash items +/-change in net working capital – capital expenditure on fixed assets – taxes paid | ||
| Free cash flow/comparable net profit (LTM), % | = | EBITDA +/- non-cash items +/- change in net working capital – capital expenditure on fixed assets – taxes paid / Comparable net profit | x | 100 |
| Net debt/comparable EBITDA (LTM), ratio | = | Interest-bearing debt – cash and cash equivalents / Comparable EBITDA (LTM) | ||
| Updated December 29, 2025 |